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Psychic energy

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Psychic energy,[1] also known as psionic energy,[2][3] mental energy,[4][5][6] or physio-mental energy,[7] was a mysterious form of energy associated with the mind that was manipulated and shaped by certain monsters and races, as well as some individuals,[1][4][7][8][9] through the sheer force of their will to alter reality in small to significant ways,[1][8] producing effects that were collectively known as psionic powers.[9]

Sources[]

Likely one of the most rigorously debated topics within the sphere of psionics study was the origin of psionic energy and what – or who – linked it to psionics users.[10] For much of history it was distinguished from magical energies as being an internal energy, a natural force that living creatures harnessed from within their bodies[11][12][13] by means of certain neural pathways,[14] essentially making them their own Weave.[15]

“
Picturing his mind as a net, he sent his consciousness down the strand that twined around his spine and located the muladhara that lay at the base of it. When he was ready, he activated his power points one by one . . . The "third eye" in his forehead . . . a vibration deep in his throat . . . the base of his scalp prickled . . . his chest filled with crackling energy . . . and a spiral of energy uncoiled from his navel. . . . The spiral [around his muladhara] grew tighter and stronger as Arvin wove strand after mentral strand into it, replenishing it.
”
— The psion Arvin meditating to restore his body's pool of psionic energy.[16]

All sentient creatures exhibited mental energy within.[1][8] Beyond the body of a creature, psychic energy could also be found within earth nodes[17] and the dreams of living creatures.[18] Additionally, plants, non-sentient plant creatures, and inanimate objects exhibited latent psionic energy.[19]

The collective amount of psionic energy within an individual was referred to as either their pool,[1][20] reserve,[1][5][21] or reservoir.[22][23] The areas of the body where this energy dwelt or welled up when using psionic powers were known as power points. Human bodies had five in total, plus a sixth center,[24][25][note 1] the primary source of psychic energy. Known as the muladhara, this power point laid at the base of the spine.[26][note 2] Additionally, a hidden reserve of psychic energy was dormant within the subconscious.[27]

Among the various power points, the brain was the easiest spot for beginners to gather up energy. As a budding psionics user practiced, they learned how to move the energy around to different parts of their body. The notion of "gathering" or "drawing" psionic energy towards a power point was key to the process of using psionic powers, as this energy could not be forced or pushed. Some described the feeling of accumulating psionic energy at these points as being like a "warm spot", experiencing an instantaneous increase in apparent temperature there, accompanied by a "beat" sensation – as if the power point had fired the energy outward, throughout the user's body, in a radial pattern.[28]

In order to restore a pool of its drained psychic energy, a creature needed to clear their mind by resting for a period of at least eight hours.[29] While a psionics user could sleep during this time,[29][30] sleep was not a requirement to restore psychic energy,[29][31] though some found it to speed up the process.[31] One simply had to refrain from physically or mentally demanding tasks,[29][31] preferably in a peaceful environment. Once fully rested, all a psionics user had to do was undergo an act of concentration,[29] such as a brief meditation,[16][30] to finish the process.[29]

Theories[]

By the late 14th to early 15th century DR, a much wider array of unifying theories for psionic energy developed on Toril that proffered the origins of the energy, as well as rises in the population of psionics users, could in fact stem from an extraneous source.[32]

Original Theory
The once leading theory on psionics. This postulated that psychic energy was produced within the minds of sentient creatures,[1][11][15] which then generated consciousness,[1] the self-awareness that was the core of sentience.[8] According to these theorists, psionics users tapped into and directly manipulated this personal mental energy.[11][4][7]
Catalyst
This theory postulated that psionic energy existed in the Prime Material plane since the beginning of time, but it did not fully manifest until the incursion of the Far Realm acted as a catalyst. Such sages believed that planar echoes of psionic energy's potential were responsible for the spectacular abilities possessed by the Feywild's creatures. Many fey took great offense to this theory.[33]
Collective Sentience
A few savants scattered across libraries and hermit towers on Toril[32] postulated the existence of a collective subconscious,[32][10][34] an amalgamation of all sentience across a planet, that may have attained a level of awareness,[34] as the source of psionic energy[32][10][34] and that psionics users were tapping into this Hidden Mind.[10][34]
Defenders of Reality
This theory postulated that psionic energy was a world's reaction to aberrant incursions, the rising influence of the Far Realm.[35][36] The Keepers of the Cerulean Sign, an ancient order dedicated to combating aberrations from the Far Realm,[37] espoused this belief.[38] One divergent theory among sages on Toril overlapped with the collective sentience theory, stating that the world's collective unconscious was the one reacting to the Far Realm.[32]
Gift of the Gods
This theory postulated that psionic energy was created by deities at the height of the Dawn War as either a deliberate or accidental gift to the sentient creatures of the world.[39] This theory was supported by some members of the Fists of Zuoken.[40]
Phrenic Planes
This theory suggested that psionic energy came from outside the Prime Material in other planes, most commonly the Far Realm or the Plane of Dreams.[41][39] According to this theory, the existence of psionic energy was merely a natural result of contact between planar realms,[39] of the planes "coming into alignment".[42] These theorists pointed to shadow magic coming from the Shadowfell as an example of planar influence.[39]

Properties[]

This energy could be taken from a creature, such as with the powers ego whip,[43] psychic drain,[44] and psychic vampire,[45] with specialized crystals known as reverse capacitors,[46] by certain cursed psionic items,[47] and through the abilities of certain creatures.[48] Conversely, a psionics users could share their pool of psychic energy with others, either with bestow power[49] or a psionic seal if both individuals possessed one.[50]

A significant loss or repeated draining of one's mental energy reserve carried the risk of severely damaging a creature's brain,[14] potentially causing amnesia or even death.[44]

There were a variety of objects designed to store psionic energy for later usage,[51] either to augment one's powers or to continue manifesting powers after one's daily supply of energy had run dry,[52] chief among them a specialized crystal called a crystal capacitor[53][54] and psychic reservoirs.[55] An object, most typically a gem, could also be made into a storage for psionic energy by using the power receptacle.[11] And iomic crystals had a peculiar structure that made them well-suited for holding and releasing psionic energy.[56]

Energy steeped in artifacts or locations would decay overtime from neglect. At sites where potent psionics-users had died Over the course of centuries, the energy in these abandoned or lost places and objects, as well as at sites where potent psionics-users had died, would warp and create areas of unstable mental energy known as wild psionic zones.[57]

A residue of psychic or emotional energy was often left behind in sites of intense events, such as battles, betrayals, marriages, murders, and childbirths. Everday occurences left no such residue. The power sensitivity to psychic impressions allowed a psionics user to detect this residue and receive visions of the past event(s) that left it behind.[58] Similarly, creatures left psychic impressions behind on inanimate objects they held ownership of for some time, which could be viewed by a psionics user with the object reading power.[59][60][61]

Psychic energy could potentially warp a creature's physical development if they received a continued or excessive bombardment,[62] such as transforming them into phrenic creatures. This was the case with a number of sea creatures that dwelt in the Vilhon Reach, having been altered by energy leaking from Jhaamdathan artifacts,[63] and was the means by which mind flayers created cranium rats.[64] [65] The regenerative abilities of trolls notably had an unusual reaction to psychic energy, resulting in the creation of spirit trolls.[66]

Magic[]

For much of history, psionic energy was distinguished from the external magical energies utilized in arcane magic and divine magic as completely separate forces,[11][12][67] incapable of interacting with one another,[12][67] but which could be used to achieve similar effects.[67] Psionic energy could be used to mimic spells[68] and magical abilities,[69] and magical energies could be used in magic items and spells to mimic psionic powers.[67][70]

Following the Year of Wild Magic, 1372 DR, the results of psionic powers became magical in nature. Psionics and conventional magic were fully transparent to one another, interacting just as magic did with itself, though not all spellcasters were aware if this was possible.[15][71] In time there came to be spells that wielded psychic energy offensively, such as bedeviling burst,[72] mind sliver,[73] and synaptic static.[74]

Energy Sub-Types[]

Astral, mental energy
A type of mental energy that permeated the Astral Plane, according to the Great Wheel cosmology. All matter on the plane was made up of this energy and exhibited the same sorts of properties that normal matter did on the Prime Material. When a creature from another plane entered the Astral its body would be translated into a being of pure mental energy.[75] The same went for objects, like weapons,[76] and spells that created matter, like fireball or lightning bolt.[77] This energy could potentially alter an individual into an aberrant mind sorcerer.[78]
Emotional energy
A type of psychic energy that also left its own residue.[58][79] It was housed in the emotional centers of the mind.[80] All psionics users drew strength from emotional energy to some degree.[81] Whenever strong emotions were displayed in the Astral, they would be projected outward as a strong wave of emotional energy that could be detected and tracked by those skilled in sensing emotions.[82]
Ki
A mystical energy of the body wielded by monks that was variously considered to be a form of psionic energy, a magical energy that worked with psionics,[83][note 3] or an energy that was distinct from, albeit similar to, mental energy.[84]

Notable Manifestations[]

  • Dweomer of transference, an evocation spell, could convert some of a spellcaster's reserve of magical energy into psionic energy.[85]
  • Harrlas were an incorporeal species made up of emotional energy, who each projected only a specific emotion. They could overwhelm a creature they possessed with their emotional state and then fed upon the excess energy the victim created.[86]
  • Ilsensine, the patron god of the mind flayers, was believed by them to be an omnipresent being of pure mental energy.[87]

Notable Wielders[]

  • Aboleths,[88] who exhibited a display of prismatic light dancing across their membranous "skin" when they manipulated psionic energy.[89]
  • Ardents, psionics users who were driven and empowered wholly by emotional energy.[81][90]
  • Battleminds, psionics users who could channel psionic energy into "aspects", idealized states of mind, to reshape their physical or mental form.[91]
  • Duergar,[88] a psionic subrace of dwarves. Some of them developed unique forms of constructs to replace slave labor that were powered by the emotional energies of agony and pain.[92][note 4]
  • Elans, a psionic race of humanoids. They could use their psionic energy to increase their resistance to various forms of attack. And whenever an elan rested, it entered a meditative trance that suffused its body with psionic energy, healing any injuries they may had suffered that day.[93]
  • Elder brains, the ultimate stage of the mind flayer life cycle.[94] They manipulated psychic energy to act as a sort of blindsight[95] and lived in brine pools that were infused with their own psionic energy.[96]
  • Gith,[97][98] a race of humanoids who devoted themselves to mastering the power of mental energy after freeing themselves from enslavement by the mind flayers.[97] Among the githyanki, those known as Hr'a'cknir were chiefly the collectors of astral mental energy.[99]
  • Mind flayers, a psionic race of humanoids whose mastery at wielding psionic energy rivaled most other races[68][88] and who uncovered esoteric means of creating psionic items[100][101] by imbuing them with psionic energy.[101]
  • Mind worms, psionic creatures that had the power to create one to four tiny, worm-like constructs of psionic energy.[102]
  • Psions, psionics users who in the late 15th century DR were capable of channeling psionic energy through orbs and staves.[103]
  • Soulknives, psionics users who distilled the mental energy of their mind into a semisolid blade.[104] Some exhibited the unique ability to drain a freshly slain creature's mental energy to charge their blades.[105]

Applications[]

The primary application of mental energy was the manifestation of psionic powers. Whenever a psionics user[1][4][7][8][9] or wild talent[9] used such powers, they projected the energy out of their body.[106] For instance, when a mind flayer used mind blast they sent out a blast of mental energy.[107][108] Psionic energy could come and go the instant a power was manifested, be used to sustain a timed duration, or remain as long as a power's effect was active.[2] To varying degrees, using psionic energy in this manner could be straining on a creature's body.[106] Other and more specific usages for psionic energy were as follows:

  • Mental energy could be used to create and power psionic traps.[109]
  • Inanimate objects could be "empowered" with mental energy, an involved process paralleling the enchantment of a magical item, to create a psionic item.[110]
  • Some duergar fashioned and replaced the limbs of duergar warriors with mechanical devices that could be controlled with their innate psionic abilities.[111]
  • The duergar also developed unique hammerers and screamers, constructs that were respectively powered by the emotional energies of pain and agony generated by the duergar dissidents trapped inside of them.[92][note 4]
  • Dorjes, a psionic equivalent to the wands of arcane magic, were slender crystals instilled with enough psionic energy to cast a power up to fifty times.[52][53]
  • Githzerai communities used their collective mental energy, channeled through individuals known as anarchs who served as receptacles of psychic power, to keep Limbo's forces of chaos at bay,[112] fortifying the walls of their fortress-monasteries.[113]
  • The hollow of dominion, an artifact that allowed one to commune with the minds of everything within 30 miles (48 kilometers) by channeling psychic energy.[114]
  • Powers of the metacreativity discipline,[21][115] particularly its subdiscipline creation,[115] allowed a manifester to create objects out of ectoplasm that were held together by psionic energy.[21][115]
  • Spelljammer helms traditionally could not be powered by psionic energy,[116] being that they were designed to convert magical energies into motive force,[117] but there were some fringe cases. Ki-helms, which channeled the (potentially psionic) energy of ki,[118] the helms of githyanki-built astral ships,[119] and pool helms, reworked elder brain brine-pools that used the energy of immature illithid tadpoles.[120][121][note 5]
  • Tessadyle robes, special psionic robes whose powers were fueled by psionic energy.[122]

Food[]

Across the Realms and the wider multiverse there existed psionovores, creatures that derived sustenance from the mental energy of others.[48]

  • Brain mole, a naturally occurring animal that fed on psionic activity.[123][124][125][126] On average they needed to feed once a week or they would perish.[124]
  • Cerebral hood, a type of cerebral symbiont that fed off of the mental energies produced by their host.[127]
  • Cerebral parasite, a minuscule parasitic creature.[128][129] Considered by some to be a form of psionic disease, they could limit a psionics user to only manifesting each of their powers once per day.[51]
  • Cerebral vampires, a variant of vampire from the Domains of Dread that subsisted upon cerebral fluid and mental energy.[130]
  • Cloud rays, gargantuan primeval creatures native to the desert world of Athas, derived part of their sustenance from psychic energy.[131]
  • Elder brains, who preyed upon the pre-sentient psionic energy of the thousands of illithid tadpoles that shared their brine pools.[132]
  • Flumphs a race of aberrations that dwelt in the Underdark, siphoned mental energy off of other creatures. Being a benign species, flumphs only ever took what they needed, an approach that left most victims feeling no discomfort.[133]
  • Formian taskmasters derived sustenance from the mental energy of creatures that they controlled with their dominate monster-like ability.[134][135]
  • Gaj, a psionic species native to Athas, derived part of their sustenance from wrapping their feathery antennae around a creature's head and probing their innermost thoughts for mental energy.[136]
  • Garmorms, nightmarish creatures of the Astral Plane.[137]
  • Intellect devourers fed upon mental energy in their adult stage of life.[138][139]
  • Memory webs, strange aberrations that fed off of the mental energy of memories.[140]
  • Mind flayers primarily subsisted upon the psychic energy that remained in the brains they extracted from their victims.[141][142]
  • Obliviax, a type of sentient moss that derived part of its sustenance from the mental energy of its victims.[143]
  • Shadow efts, a race of psionic monsters that dwelt in the Plane of Shadow.[79]
  • Thought eaters, a race of aberrations that dwelt in the Border Ethereal.[144][145][146][147]
  • Vorlogs, vampire-like creatures unique to the Domains of Dread that sustained themselves on both normal humanoid food and psychic energy.[148]
  • Yellow mold, a relatively common variety of underground fungal mold that absorbed mental energy from its victims.[149]

Beyond those who fed on psychic or mental energy, there were some creatures that fed specifically on emotional energy. This included al-jahar,[150] energons,[151] feyr,[152][153][154] harrlas,[86] and ustilagors.[139][155] Some were sustained upon only specific emotions. Alluras fed upon the emotions created by excitement, fear, and tension;[156] Lichlings fed solely upon fear;[157] skriaxits fed upon the fear and terror they instigated;[158] simpathetics fed upon positive emotional energies;[159] and will-o'-wisps fed upon negative emotions,[160][161] particularly the powerful emotions associated with fear, panic, and death.[161] Great feyr specifically craved strong or intense emotions. They were willing to travel great distances, lured by such emotions, and would inspire it in other creatures.[152][153]

History[]

Following the catastrophe known as the Spellplague, Toril experienced a greater influx of psionic energy and over the nine-decades that followed the planet experienced a dramatic rise in the number of psionics users, including ardents and battleminds. Some scholars speculated this rise correlated to the substantial changes in Toril's magic that were wrought by the event, whilst others postulated that it originated from the return of Abeir. However, this theory was hotly contested, as Abeir did seem any more conducive to the practice of psionics than Toril was before its return, being far more steeped in the use of elemental magic. A third groupm, made up of a few savants scattered across libraries and hermit towers, bandied the Defenders of Reality theorum, explaining that it was the world's collective unconscious reacting to the rising influence of the Far Realm.[32]

During the late 15th century DR, the Red Wizards of Thay experimented with controlling energons, and trained them to transform their enemies' emotions into an energy source.[151] Also around this time, a mind flayer colony established itself in the Seadeeps layer of Undermountain.[162] This colony constructed a magical device, called the psionic force generator, which they powered by pouring mental energy into its crystal.[163]

Appendix[]

Notes[]

  1. ↑ While the term "power points" is used mechanically in older editions in place of "psychic energy", in the novels Viper's Kiss and Vanity's Brood author Lisa Smedman uses this term to refer to areas of the body where the psion character Arvin gathered his energy up, as shown in the example provided above. This usage of the term seems to be derived from the concept of chakra, with the power points similarly arranged in a vertical formation down the body and the muladhara power point's name being taken from the root chakra.
  2. ↑ In Vanity's Brood the author states that there are only five power points, even though the muladhara should count as one of them. This mirrors classical six-plus-one chakra systems, wherein there is a seventh chakra generally not regarded as being a chakra itself.
  3. ↑ During development of the Monk class for 4th-edition D&D, as discussed in "Design & Development: The Monk" in Dragon #375, the ki power source was changed to a psionic power source. However, the finished Monk class in Player's Handbook 3 uses a "ki focus" as an implement. Pages 62 and 63 state monks "channel their psionic energy through an item called a ki focus", but page 203 says "A ki focus is an implement that certain classes use as a focus for their inner magical energy, known as their ki." This may be a holdover from the ki-using Monk, but it is ambiguous as to whether ki is psionic or magical energy.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 The original text states that the constructs are simply "powered by psionic energy", however, both monster entries refer to channeling the "pain" and "agony" respectively into energy. As emotional energy is a subset of psionic energy, it has been labeled here as such.
  5. ↑ Being that it is vague what the text means when it says the "energy" of illithid tadpoles, it is up to one's interpretation as to whether or not a pool helm is psionically power. The later published supplement The Illithiad (p.93) indicates that tadpoles have pre-sentient psionic energy, which could retroactively be rationalized as the energy that is being tapped by pool helms.

Background[]

Throughout the first three editions of Dungeons & Dragons, as well as the House of Serpents trilogy, the terms "psychic energy", "psionic energy", and "mental energy" were frequently used interchangeably. In terms of how this relates to game mechanics - in 1st edition AD&D, powers were fueled by "psionic strength points". This abbreviated to PSPs in 2nd edition AD&D and introduced the shortened term "power points". This shortened term would then become the standard for the 3rd, v3.5, and 4th editions of D&D. In The Complete Psionics Handbook (p.13) it is stated that psionic energy is measured in PSPs. Through this and other descriptions of psionic powers across the editions, it can be inferred that the aforementioned terms are how "power points" should be understood in-universe.

Appearances[]

Novels & Short Stories

Siege of Darkness • Venom's Taste • Viper's Kiss • Vanity's Brood • The Godborn

Video Games

Neverwinter (Shadowmantle)

References[]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 17. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 61. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  3. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Venom's Taste. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 148, 159, 179, 184. ISBN 0786931663.
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 63. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 Paul S. Kemp (October 1, 2013). The Godborn (Hardcover ed.). (Wizards of the Coast), p. 44. ISBN 0786963735.
  6. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Venom's Taste. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 180. ISBN 0786931663.
  7. ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 7.3 Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 37. ISBN 0786918357.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 Bruce R. Cordell, Christopher Lindsay (April 2006). Complete Psionic. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 5. ISBN 0-7869-3911-7.
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 Douglas Niles (1995). Player's Option: Skills & Powers. (TSR, Inc), p. 143. ISBN 0-7869-0149-7.
  10. ↑ 10.0 10.1 10.2 10.3 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 118. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  11. ↑ 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 8. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  12. ↑ 12.0 12.1 12.2 Bruce R. Cordell (April 1998). The Illithiad. Edited by Keith Francis Strohm. (TSR, Inc.), p. 20. ISBN 0-7869-1206-5.
  13. ↑ Bill Slavicsek (October 1995). “The Wanderer's Chronicle”. In Dori Hein ed. Dark Sun Campaign Setting: Expanded & Revised (TSR, Inc.), p. 18. ISBN 0-7869-0162-4.
  14. ↑ 14.0 14.1 Bruce R. Cordell (April 1998). The Illithiad. Edited by Keith Francis Strohm. (TSR, Inc.), p. 33. ISBN 0-7869-1206-5.
  15. ↑ 15.0 15.1 15.2 Richard Baker, James Wyatt (March 2004). Player's Guide to Faerûn. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 172. ISBN 0-7869-3134-5.
  16. ↑ 16.0 16.1 Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Viper's Kiss. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 135–136. ISBN 0786936169.
  17. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell, Gwendolyn F.M. Kestrel, Jeff Quick (October 2003). Underdark. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 52. ISBN 0-7869-3053-5.
  18. ↑ Monte Cook (January 1996). A Guide to the Astral Plane. Edited by Miranda Horner. (TSR, Inc.), p. 43. ISBN 0-7869-0438-0.
  19. ↑ Douglas Niles (1995). Player's Option: Skills & Powers. (TSR, Inc), p. 161. ISBN 0-7869-0149-7.
  20. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 6. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  21. ↑ 21.0 21.1 21.2 Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 38. ISBN 0786918357.
  22. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 130. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  23. ↑ Mike Mearls, Bruce Cordell, Robin Heinsoo, and Robert J. Schwalb (March 2010). Player's Handbook 3. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 23, 43, 81. ISBN 978-0-7869-5390-5.
  24. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Viper's Kiss. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 109, 136, 247. ISBN 0786936169.
  25. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2006). Vanity's Brood. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 9, 106. ISBN 0-7869-3166-3.
  26. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2006). Vanity's Brood. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 18. ISBN 0-7869-3166-3.
  27. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 18. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  28. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 112. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  29. ↑ 29.0 29.1 29.2 29.3 29.4 29.5 Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 63–64. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  30. ↑ 30.0 30.1 Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Viper's Kiss. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 138. ISBN 0786936169.
  31. ↑ 31.0 31.1 31.2 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 13. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  32. ↑ 32.0 32.1 32.2 32.3 32.4 32.5 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 110. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  33. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 96. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  34. ↑ 34.0 34.1 34.2 34.3 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  35. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 9, 35. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  36. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 118–119. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  37. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell, Ed Greenwood, Chris Sims (August 2008). Forgotten Realms Campaign Guide. Edited by Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 174. ISBN 978-0-7869-4924-3.
  38. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 111. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  39. ↑ 39.0 39.1 39.2 39.3 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 119. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  40. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 112. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  41. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 91. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  42. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 9. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  43. ↑ Douglas Niles (1995). Player's Option: Skills & Powers. (TSR, Inc), p. 146. ISBN 0-7869-0149-7.
  44. ↑ 44.0 44.1 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), pp. 101–102. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  45. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 95. ISBN 0786918357.
  46. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 135. ISBN 0786918357.
  47. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 136. ISBN 0786918357.
  48. ↑ 48.0 48.1 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 108. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  49. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 80. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  50. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 1998). The Illithiad. Edited by Keith Francis Strohm. (TSR, Inc.), p. 80. ISBN 0-7869-1206-5.
  51. ↑ 51.0 51.1 Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 37–38. ISBN 0786918357.
  52. ↑ 52.0 52.1 Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Venom's Taste. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 222. ISBN 0786931663.
  53. ↑ 53.0 53.1 Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 24, 37, 121, 128. ISBN 0786918357.
  54. ↑ Lisa Smedman (March 2004). Venom's Taste. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 184. ISBN 0786931663.
  55. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 1998). The Illithiad. Edited by Keith Francis Strohm. (TSR, Inc.), p. 81. ISBN 0-7869-1206-5.
  56. ↑ M. Sean Molley (October 2008). Crystal Clear (CORE1-4). Living Forgotten Realms (RPGA), p. 4.
  57. ↑ Eytan Bernstein (2007-06-20). Psionic Races and Classes (Blues, Duergar, and Elans). Class Chronicles. Wizards of the Coast. Archived from the original on 2020-03-14. Retrieved on 2017-09-24.
  58. ↑ 58.0 58.1 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 32. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  59. ↑ Gary Gygax (1978). Players Handbook 1st edition. (TSR, Inc.), p. 113. ISBN 0-9356-9601-6.
  60. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 31. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  61. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 123. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  62. ↑ Mike Mearls, et al. (November 2016). Volo's Guide to Monsters. Edited by Jeremy Crawford, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 78. ISBN 978-0786966011.
  63. ↑ Richard Baker, Ed Bonny, Travis Stout (February 2005). Lost Empires of Faerûn. Edited by Penny Williams. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 120. ISBN 0-7869-3654-1.
  64. ↑ Mike Mearls, et al. (November 2016). Volo's Guide to Monsters. Edited by Jeremy Crawford, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 133. ISBN 978-0786966011.
  65. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 244–245. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  66. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 244–245. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  67. ↑ 67.0 67.1 67.2 67.3 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), pp. 109, 111. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  68. ↑ 68.0 68.1 Mike Mearls, et al. (November 2016). Volo's Guide to Monsters. Edited by Jeremy Crawford, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 71. ISBN 978-0786966011.
  69. ↑ Gary Gygax (1978). Players Handbook 1st edition. (TSR, Inc.), p. 110. ISBN 0-9356-9601-6.
  70. ↑ Gary Gygax (1979). Dungeon Masters Guide 1st edition. (TSR, Inc.), p. 182. ISBN 0-9356-9602-4.
  71. ↑ R.A. Salvatore (August 1992). Night Masks. (TSR, Inc), pp. 74–75. ISBN 978-1560763284.
  72. ↑ Jeremy Crawford, Mike Mearls, James Wyatt (March 2009). Player's Handbook 2. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 139. ISBN 0-7869-5016-4.
  73. ↑ Jeremy Crawford (November 17, 2020). Tasha's Cauldron of Everything. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 108. ISBN 978-0786967025.
  74. ↑ Jeremy Crawford, Mike Mearls (November 2017). Xanathar's Guide to Everything. Edited by Kim Mohan, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 167. ISBN 978-0-7869-6612-7.
  75. ↑ Monte Cook (January 1996). A Guide to the Astral Plane. Edited by Miranda Horner. (TSR, Inc.), pp. 7, 14. ISBN 0-7869-0438-0.
  76. ↑ Monte Cook (January 1996). A Guide to the Astral Plane. Edited by Miranda Horner. (TSR, Inc.), p. 5. ISBN 0-7869-0438-0.
  77. ↑ Monte Cook (January 1996). A Guide to the Astral Plane. Edited by Miranda Horner. (TSR, Inc.), p. 15. ISBN 0-7869-0438-0.
  78. ↑ Jeremy Crawford (November 17, 2020). Tasha's Cauldron of Everything. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 67. ISBN 978-0786967025.
  79. ↑ 79.0 79.1 Bruce R. Cordell, Christopher Lindsay (April 2006). Complete Psionic. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 134. ISBN 0-7869-3911-7.
  80. ↑ David Cook (1991). Monstrous Compendium Forgotten Realms Appendix (MC11). (TSR, Inc), p. 32. ISBN l-56076-111-3.
  81. ↑ 81.0 81.1 Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 6. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  82. ↑ Monte Cook (January 1996). A Guide to the Astral Plane. Edited by Miranda Horner. (TSR, Inc.), p. 23. ISBN 0-7869-0438-0.
  83. ↑ Mike Mearls, Bruce Cordell, Robin Heinsoo, and Robert J. Schwalb (March 2010). Player's Handbook 3. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 62–63, 203. ISBN 978-0-7869-5390-5.
  84. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 40. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  85. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 219. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  86. ↑ 86.0 86.1 David Cook (1991). Monstrous Compendium Forgotten Realms Appendix (MC11). (TSR, Inc), pp. 32–33. ISBN l-56076-111-3.
  87. ↑ Carl Sargent (May 1992). Monster Mythology. (TSR, Inc), p. 61. ISBN 1-5607-6362-0.
  88. ↑ 88.0 88.1 88.2 Bruce R. Cordell, Gwendolyn F.M. Kestrel, Jeff Quick (October 2003). Underdark. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 48. ISBN 0-7869-3053-5.
  89. ↑ Richard Baker, James Jacobs, and Steve Winter (April 2005). Lords of Madness: The Book of Aberrations. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 17. ISBN 0-7869-3657-6.
  90. ↑ Mike Mearls, Bruce Cordell, Robin Heinsoo, and Robert J. Schwalb (March 2010). Player's Handbook 3. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 23. ISBN 978-0-7869-5390-5.
  91. ↑ Ari Marmell, Robert J. Schwalb (August 2010). Psionic Power. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 32. ISBN 978-0-7869-5560-2.
  92. ↑ 92.0 92.1 Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 81, 188, 190. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  93. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 9–10. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  94. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell, Gwendolyn F.M. Kestrel, Jeff Quick (October 2003). Underdark. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 85. ISBN 0-7869-3053-5.
  95. ↑ Richard Baker, James Jacobs, and Steve Winter (April 2005). Lords of Madness: The Book of Aberrations. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 145. ISBN 0-7869-3657-6.
  96. ↑ Mike Mearls, et al. (November 2016). Volo's Guide to Monsters. Edited by Jeremy Crawford, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 173. ISBN 978-0786966011.
  97. ↑ 97.0 97.1 Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford, Christopher Perkins (2014-09-30). Monster Manual 5th edition. Edited by Scott Fitzgerald Gray. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 159. ISBN 978-0786965614.
  98. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 124. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  99. ↑ Doug Stewart (June 1993). Monstrous Manual. (TSR, Inc), p. 154. ISBN 1-5607-6619-0.
  100. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell, Gwendolyn F.M. Kestrel, Jeff Quick (October 2003). Underdark. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 5. ISBN 0-7869-3053-5.
  101. ↑ 101.0 101.1 Mike Mearls, et al. (November 2016). Volo's Guide to Monsters. Edited by Jeremy Crawford, et al. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 80. ISBN 978-0786966011.
  102. ↑ Kevin Baase, Eric Jansing, Oliver Frank, and Bill Halliar (November 2005). “Monsters of the Mind – Minions of the Mindflayers”. In Erik Mona ed. Dragon #337 (Paizo Publishing), pp. 28–30.
  103. ↑ Mike Mearls, Bruce Cordell, Robin Heinsoo, and Robert J. Schwalb (March 2010). Player's Handbook 3. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 81, 206. ISBN 978-0-7869-5390-5.
  104. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), pp. 17, 27. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  105. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell, Christopher Lindsay (April 2006). Complete Psionic. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 56. ISBN 0-7869-3911-7.
  106. ↑ 106.0 106.1 Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 102. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  107. ↑ Jennifer Clarke Wilkes, David Eckelberry, Rich Redman (February 2003). Savage Species. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 186. ISBN 0-7869-2648-1.
  108. ↑ Jim Zub, Stacy King, Andrew Wheeler (July 2019). Monsters & Creatures. (Ten Speed Press), p. 37. ISBN 978-1-9848-5640-1.
  109. ↑ Jason Bulmahn, Rich Burlew (February 2007). Dungeonscape. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 137. ISBN 978-0-7869-4118-6.
  110. ↑ Ed Greenwood, Tim Beach (November 1995). Pages from the Mages. Edited by Jon Pickens. (TSR, Inc.), p. 39. ISBN 0-7869-0183-7.
  111. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 188. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  112. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 93. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  113. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford, Christopher Perkins (2014-09-30). Monster Manual 5th edition. Edited by Scott Fitzgerald Gray. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 159. ISBN 978-0786965614.
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  116. ↑ Steve Winter (1991). The Complete Psionics Handbook. (TSR, Inc.), p. 109. ISBN 1-56076-054-0.
  117. ↑ Jeff Grubb (August 1989). “Concordance of Arcane Space”. Spelljammer: AD&D Adventures in Space (TSR, Inc.), p. 18. ISBN 0-88038-762-9.
  118. ↑ Dale "slade" Henson (April 1991). Realmspace. Edited by Gary L. Thomas, Karen S. Boomgarden. (TSR, Inc), pp. 95–96. ISBN 1-56076-052-4.
  119. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford (May 29, 2018). Mordenkainen's Tome of Foes. Edited by Kim Mohan, Michele Carter. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 90. ISBN 978-0786966240.
  120. ↑ Jeff Grubb (August 1989). “Lorebook of the Void”. Spelljammer: AD&D Adventures in Space (TSR, Inc.), pp. 30, 61. ISBN 0-88038-762-9.
  121. ↑ Jeff Grubb (August 1989). “Concordance of Arcane Space”. Spelljammer: AD&D Adventures in Space (TSR, Inc.), p. 36. ISBN 0-88038-762-9.
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  125. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (March 2001). Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 143. ISBN 0786918357.
  126. ↑ Bruce R. Cordell (April 2004). Expanded Psionics Handbook. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 191. ISBN 0-7869-3301-1.
  127. ↑ Eric Cagle, Jesse Decker, James Jacobs, Erik Mona, Matthew Sernett, Chris Thomasson, and James Wyatt (April 2003). Fiend Folio. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 216. ISBN 0-7869-2780-1.
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  133. ↑ Mike Mearls, Jeremy Crawford, Christopher Perkins (2014-09-30). Monster Manual 5th edition. Edited by Scott Fitzgerald Gray. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 135. ISBN 978-0786965614.
  134. ↑ Skip Williams, Jonathan Tweet, Monte Cook (July 2003). Monster Manual v.3.5. (Wizards of the Coast), p. 110. ISBN 0-7869-2893-X.
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